A lattice point in the plane is a point both of whose coordinates are integers. Each lattice point has four neighboring points: upper, lower, left, and right. Let
be a circle with radius
, that does not pass through any lattice point. An interior boundary point is a lattice point lying inside the circle
that has a neighboring point lying outside
. Similarly, an exterior boundary point is a lattice point lying outside the circle
that has a neighboring point lying inside
. Prove that there are four more exterior boundary points than interior boundary points.
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A lattice point in the plane is a point both of whose coordinates are integers. Each lattice point has four neighboring points: upper, lower, left, and right. Let $k$ be a circle with radius $r \geq 2$, that does not pass through any lattice point. An interior boundary point is a lattice point lying inside the circle $k$ that has a neighboring point lying outside $k$. Similarly, an exterior boundary point is a lattice point lying outside the circle $k$ that has a neighboring point lying inside $k$. Prove that there are four more exterior boundary points than interior boundary points.