Školjka

%V0 Let $a$, $b$, $c$ be positive real numbers such that $\dfrac{1}{a} + \dfrac{1}{b} + \dfrac{1}{c} = a+b+c$. Prove that: $$\frac{1}{(2a+b+c)^2}+\frac{1}{(a+2b+c)^2}+\frac{1}{(a+b+2c)^2}\leq \frac{3}{16}$$ Proposed by Juhan Aru, Estonia

%V0 Let $S\subseteq\mathbb{R}$ be a set of real numbers. We say that a pair $(f, g)$ of functions from $S$ into $S$ is a Spanish Couple on $S$, if they satisfy the following conditions: (i) Both functions are strictly increasing, i.e. $f(x) < f(y)$ and $g(x) < g(y)$ for all $x$, $y\in S$ with $x < y$; (ii) The inequality $f\left(g\left(g\left(x\right)\right)\right) < g\left(f\left(x\right)\right)$ holds for all $x\in S$. Decide whether there exists a Spanish Couple on the set $S = \mathbb{N}$ of positive integers; on the set $S = \{a - \frac {1}{b}: a, b\in\mathbb{N}\}$ Proposed by Hans Zantema, Netherlands

%V0 Prove the inequality: $\displaystyle \sum_{i < j}{\frac {a_{i}a_{j}}{a_{i} + a_{j}}}\leq \frac {n}{2(a_{1} + a_{2} + ... + a_{n})}\cdot \sum_{i < j}{a_{i}a_{j}}$ for positive reals $a_{1}$, $a_{2}$, ..., $a_{n}$.

%V0 The sequence $c_{0}, c_{1}, . . . , c_{n}, . . .$ is defined by $c_{0}= 1, c_{1}= 0$, and $c_{n+2}= c_{n+1}+c_{n}$ for $n \geq 0$. Consider the set $S$ of ordered pairs $(x, y)$ for which there is a finite set $J$ of positive integers such that $x=\sum_{j \in J}{c_{j}}$, $y=\sum_{j \in J}{c_{j-1}}$. Prove that there exist real numbers $\alpha$, $\beta$, and $M$ with the following property: An ordered pair of nonnegative integers $(x, y)$ satisfies the inequality $m < \alpha x+\beta y < M$ if and only if $(x, y) \in S$. Remark: A sum over the elements of the empty set is assumed to be $0$.

%V0 Let $a_0, a_1, a_2, \ldots$ be an arbitrary infinite sequence of positive numbers. Show that the inequality $1 + a_n > a_{n-1} \sqrt[n]{2}$ holds for infinitely many positive integers $n$.

%V0 Let $n$ be an integer, $n \geq 3.$ Let $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ be real numbers such that $2 \leq a_i \leq 3$ for $i = 1, 2, \ldots, n.$ If $s = a_1 + a_2 + \ldots + a_n,$ prove that $$\frac{a^{2}_{1}+a^{2}_{2}-a^{2}_{3}}{a_{1}+a_{2}-a_{3}}+\frac{a^{2}_{2}+a^{2}_{3}-a^{2}_{4}}{a_{2}+a_{3}-a_{4}}+\ldots+\frac{a^{2}_{n}+a^{2}_{1}-a^{2}_{2}}{a_{n}+a_{1}-a_{2}}\leq 2s-2n.$$