The sequence
is defined by
, and
for
. Consider the set
of ordered pairs
for which there is a finite set
of positive integers such that
,
. Prove that there exist real numbers
,
, and
with the following property: An ordered pair of nonnegative integers
satisfies the inequality
if and only if
.
Remark: A sum over the elements of the empty set is assumed to be
.
%V0
The sequence $c_{0}, c_{1}, . . . , c_{n}, . . .$ is defined by $c_{0}= 1, c_{1}= 0$, and $c_{n+2}= c_{n+1}+c_{n}$ for $n \geq 0$. Consider the set $S$ of ordered pairs $(x, y)$ for which there is a finite set $J$ of positive integers such that $x=\sum_{j \in J}{c_{j}}$, $y=\sum_{j \in J}{c_{j-1}}$. Prove that there exist real numbers $\alpha$, $\beta$, and $M$ with the following property: An ordered pair of nonnegative integers $(x, y)$ satisfies the inequality $m < \alpha x+\beta y < M$ if and only if $(x, y) \in S$.
Remark: A sum over the elements of the empty set is assumed to be $0$.