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Prove that for every natural number k (k \geq 2) there exists an irrational number r such that for every natural number m,
[r^m] \equiv -1 \pmod k .

Remark. An easier variant: Find r as a root of a polynomial of second degree with integer coefficients.

Proposed by Yugoslavia.

Slični zadaci

We take 100 consecutive natural numbers a_{1}, a_{2}, ..., a_{100}. Determine the last two digits of the number a_{1}^{8}+a_{2}^{8}+...+a_{100}^{8}.
Is it possible to choose a set of 100 (or 200) points on the boundary of a cube such that this set is fixed under each isometry of the cube into itself? Justify your answer.
The n points P_1,P_2, \ldots, P_n are placed inside or on the boundary of a disk of radius 1 in such a way that the minimum distance D_n between any two of these points has its largest possible value D_n. Calculate D_n for n = 2 to 7. and justify your answer.
Given five real numbers u_0, u_1, u_2, u_3, u_4, prove that it is always possible to find five real numbers v0, v_1, v_2, v_3, v_4 that satisfy the following conditions:

(i) u_i-v_i \in \mathbb N, \quad 0 \leq i \leq 4

(ii) \sum_{0 \leq i<j \leq 4} (v_i - v_j)^2 < 4.

Proposed by Netherlands.
Does there exist a set M in usual Euclidean space such that for every plane \lambda the intersection M \cap \lambda is finite and nonempty ?

Proposed by Hungary.

RemarkI'm not sure I'm posting this in a right Forum.
Find the number of partitions of the set \{1, 2, \cdots, n\} into three subsets A_1,A_2,A_3, some of which may be empty, such that the following conditions are satisfied:

(i) After the elements of every subset have been put in ascending order, every two consecutive elements of any subset have different parity.

(ii) If A_1,A_2,A_3 are all nonempty, then in exactly one of them the minimal number is even .

Proposed by Poland.