IMO Shortlist 2006 problem A3
Avg:
Avg:
The sequence
is defined by
, and
for
. Consider the set
of ordered pairs
for which there is a finite set
of positive integers such that
,
. Prove that there exist real numbers
,
, and
with the following property: An ordered pair of nonnegative integers
satisfies the inequality
if and only if
.
Remark: A sum over the elements of the empty set is assumed to be
.















Remark: A sum over the elements of the empty set is assumed to be

Izvor: Međunarodna matematička olimpijada, shortlist 2006