IMO Shortlist 2016 problem C1
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Avg: 6.0The leader of an IMO team chooses positive integers and with , and announces them to the deputy leader and a contestant. The leader then secretly tells the deputy leader an -digit binary string, and the deputy leader writes down all -digit binary strings which differ from the leader’s in exactly positions. (For example, if and , and if the leader chooses , the deputy leader would write down and .) The contestant is allowed to look at the strings written by the deputy leader and guess the leader’s string. What is the minimum number of guesses (in terms of and ) needed to guarantee the correct answer?
Source: https://www.imo-official.org/problems/IMO2016SL.pdf