IMO Shortlist 2018 problem C3
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Avg: 7,0Let be a given positive integer. Sisyphus performs a sequence of turns on a board consisting of squares in a row, numbered to from left to right. Initially, stones are put into square , and the other squares are empty. At every turn, Sisyphus chooses any nonempty square, say with stones, takes one of these stones and moves it to the right by at most squares (the stone should say within the board). Sisyphus' aim is to move all stones to square . Prove that Sisyphus cannot reach the aim in less than turns. (As usual, stands for the least integer not smaller than . )
Izvor: https://www.imo-official.org/problems/IMO2018SL.pdf